tot 培訓(xùn)的第一天最吸引我的就是辨識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)類(lèi)型這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)了。
美國(guó)律師協(xié)會(huì)中國(guó)項(xiàng)目官員薛青把問(wèn)卷發(fā)給我們幾個(gè)人。完成問(wèn)卷將各頁(yè)分開(kāi),把每個(gè) “形狀”(或 “顏色”)的得分相加在副本上。 把總和寫(xiě)在右上角形成 “風(fēng)箏形”,畫(huà)完風(fēng)箏,把個(gè)別象限中的原點(diǎn)用虛線連接起來(lái),是個(gè)三角形,robin教授走過(guò)來(lái),用筆把我連成的線勾掉了,把虛線連接起來(lái)包圍了一個(gè)盒子。
發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的學(xué)習(xí)類(lèi)型,居然是聚合型的。同型的,坐在一張桌上,開(kāi)始總結(jié)本型學(xué)習(xí)特點(diǎn)和風(fēng)格。跟大家一比對(duì),發(fā)現(xiàn)我的盒子面積是最大的,相應(yīng)的,我聚合型特點(diǎn)也便是最明顯的。
比較有趣的是,聚合型在總結(jié)自己的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格時(shí)有共同的特點(diǎn):好一會(huì)一聲不吭,在看資料,思考。別的桌子上已經(jīng)開(kāi)始七嘴八舌地議論開(kāi)了,我們的桌,仍然在看。然后,打破寧?kù)o,歸納總結(jié)。
我總結(jié)自己:善于學(xué)習(xí)從來(lái)沒(méi)有接觸的領(lǐng)域,即使從沒(méi)有辦理過(guò)的案件也能迅速找到切入點(diǎn),迅速上手。理由是,善于發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律性的東西;
第二,學(xué)習(xí)上不盲從權(quán)威,敢于挑戰(zhàn)專家的定論,經(jīng)常能開(kāi)創(chuàng)一個(gè)新局面。
第三,針對(duì)性強(qiáng),善于抓焦點(diǎn),學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)喜歡抓脈絡(luò)提綱挈領(lǐng)。
缺點(diǎn)是:不謙虛,從來(lái)不認(rèn)為自己錯(cuò)了。
山東王表示最討厭照本宣科式學(xué)習(xí)方式;陜西李律也表示自己敢于挑戰(zhàn)法官既有觀點(diǎn)和判決的特質(zhì)。
同化型發(fā)言說(shuō)他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是邏輯性強(qiáng),缺點(diǎn)是容易被同化;
發(fā)散型發(fā)言說(shuō)他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是點(diǎn)子多想法多,缺點(diǎn)是不容易收攏;
適應(yīng)型發(fā)言說(shuō)他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是執(zhí)行能力強(qiáng)動(dòng)手能力強(qiáng),缺點(diǎn)是不容易想出新點(diǎn)子。
等專家把各種學(xué)習(xí)類(lèi)型的特點(diǎn)PPT演示給大家時(shí),大家都紛紛表示“太象了”“很準(zhǔn)”
附:幾種學(xué)習(xí)類(lèi)型的特點(diǎn)和問(wèn)題的解決
Strengths & Preferred Learning Activities (1) 優(yōu)點(diǎn)與首選學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng) (1) Diverging–Combines CE & RO 分散型 – 結(jié)合 CE 與 RO
o Take in/perceive information concretely and process or transform it reflectively
o 攝取或認(rèn)知實(shí)質(zhì)信息,再通過(guò)反思對(duì)信息進(jìn)行加工或轉(zhuǎn)化
o Strength: Imaginative ability—Best at generating many alternative (divergent) ideas & implications—”people person”
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):想象能力 – 最能創(chuàng)造多種(分散性)思路與相應(yīng)的含義 — 是一個(gè) “以人為本的人”
o Formal learning situations: Prefer working in groups to gather information, brainstorming, listening with open mind & receiving personalized feedback
o 正式學(xué)習(xí)情境:偏好團(tuán)隊(duì)學(xué)習(xí)形態(tài),以便搜集信息、通過(guò) “頭腦風(fēng)暴” 會(huì)議(brainstorming)集思廣益、以開(kāi)放心態(tài)虛心傾聽(tīng),并取得個(gè)人反饋
o Strengths —imagination/creativity, understanding people, recognizing problems, brainstorming
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):想象力/創(chuàng)意、了解他人、認(rèn)識(shí)問(wèn)題、集思廣益
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o Over reliance —paralyzed by alternatives, can’t make decisions
o 過(guò)度依賴:被過(guò)多選擇所羈絆,無(wú)法決定
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o Insufficient use —no ideas or creativity, can’t recognize problems and opportunities
o 缺乏使用:缺乏想法或創(chuàng)意,無(wú)法認(rèn)清問(wèn)題或識(shí)別契機(jī)
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Strengths & Preferred Learning Activities (2) 優(yōu)點(diǎn)與首選學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng) (2) Assimilating–Combines AC & RO 同化型 – 結(jié)合 CE 與 RO
o Take in/perceive information abstractly and process or transform it reflectively
o 攝取或認(rèn)知抽象概念和觀念,再通過(guò)反思,對(duì)這些信息進(jìn)行加工或轉(zhuǎn)化
o Strength: Ability to assimilate disparate observations into an integrated, rational explanation—logical, concise
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):有能力同化迥然不同的觀察,并歸納成一個(gè)既完整又合理的解釋 — 合乎邏輯、言簡(jiǎn)意賅
o Formal learning situations: Prefer lectures (clear/well-structured), readings of theory, exploring analytical models, & thinking things through
o 正式學(xué)習(xí)情境:偏好講座式教學(xué)(清楚、結(jié)構(gòu)明晰)、閱讀理論、探索分析模型( analytical models ),并深入思考
o Strengths —planning, creating models, defining problems, developing theories
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):規(guī)劃,創(chuàng)建模型,確定問(wèn)題所在,開(kāi)發(fā)新理論
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o Over reliance —castles in the air, no practical application
o 過(guò)度依賴:建造空中樓閣,沒(méi)有實(shí)際作用
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o Insufficient use —unable to learn from mistakes, no sound basis for work, no systematic approach
o 缺乏使用:無(wú)法從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí),無(wú)法為工作提供牢固基礎(chǔ),沒(méi)有按部就班的系統(tǒng)化學(xué)習(xí)
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Strengths & Preferred Learning Activities (3) 優(yōu)點(diǎn)與首選學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng) (3) Converging – Combines AC & AE 聚合型 – 結(jié)合 AC 與 AE
o Take in/perceive information abstractly & process/transform it actively
o 攝取或認(rèn)知抽象觀念或概念,再把這些信息積極進(jìn)行加工或轉(zhuǎn)化
o Strength: Use of hypothetical-deductive reasoning to arrive (converge) at single, best solution to question—problem-solver, decision-maker
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):使用 “假設(shè)–演繹推理” 來(lái)得出(聚合)一個(gè)最佳的解決方案 — 為問(wèn)題解決能手、決策者
o Formal learning situations: Prefer experimentation with new ideas, simulations, and practical applications
o 正式學(xué)習(xí)情境:偏好試驗(yàn)新觀念、模擬仿真、實(shí)際應(yīng)用
o Strengths —problem-solving, decision-making, deductive reasoning, problem definition
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):解決難題、決策、演繹推理、界定問(wèn)題
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o Over reliance:solving wrong problem, hasty decision-making
o 過(guò)度依賴:解決錯(cuò)問(wèn)題,決策匆忙
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o Insufficient use —lack of focus, no shifting of ideas, scattered thoughts
o 缺乏使用:缺乏針對(duì)性,無(wú)觀念轉(zhuǎn)換,思想凌亂分散
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Strengths & Preferred Learning Activities (4) 優(yōu)點(diǎn)與首選學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng) (4) Accommodating – Combines AC & AE 適應(yīng)型 – 結(jié)合 AE 與 CE
o Take in/perceive information concretely and process/transform it actively
o 攝取或認(rèn)知具體信息,再對(duì)該信息進(jìn)行積極加工或轉(zhuǎn)化
o Strength: Best at doing things, carrying out plans and tasks, and getting involved in new challenging activities—leaders, risk-takers
o 優(yōu)點(diǎn):為最佳實(shí)干者,能實(shí)施計(jì)劃、完成任務(wù),并參與新挑戰(zhàn) – 為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者、冒險(xiǎn)者
o Formal learning situations: Prefer new experiences (games, role-plays), small-group discussions, practice with feedback, and completion of assignments
o 正式學(xué)習(xí)情境:偏好新體驗(yàn)(游戲、角色扮演)、小組討論、練習(xí)加反饋,以及完成作業(yè)
o Strengths —getting things done, leadership, risk-taking
o 優(yōu)勢(shì):辦事高效,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力強(qiáng),敢于冒險(xiǎn)
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o Over reliance —trivial improvements, meaningless activity
o 過(guò)度依賴:進(jìn)步微乎其微,活動(dòng)毫無(wú)意義
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o Insufficient use —work not completed on time, impractical plans not directed to goals
o 缺乏使用:無(wú)法按時(shí)完成工作,計(jì)劃不切實(shí)際也不針對(duì)目標(biāo)
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學(xué)習(xí)周期與問(wèn)題解決技巧比較圖
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