過去分詞(1)

[例題]

1.Life is a candle meant to burn ever brighter.

(生活是一支越燒越明亮的蠟燭.)

2.The author gave a detailed description based on his personal observation of nature.

(作者根據(jù)他對大自然的觀察，作了詳細的描述.)

[解析]過去分詞短語做定語一般要后置,該分詞和被修飾詞是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,該過去分詞在作用上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句.

[例題]

3.After a long walk on a hot day, one often feels exhausted.

(在經(jīng)過炎熱的一天長途步行之后,大家常常感到和疲倦.)

4.The teacher's lecture on American history was three hours long, and Morris felt very bored.

(關(guān)于美國歷史的講座長達3小時,莫里斯感到很煩.)

5.People can't but feel puzzled, for they simply can't understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.

(人們不能不感到困惑,因為他們簡直不明白他怎么能犯那么愚蠢的錯誤.)

[解析]過去分詞可以用作表語,這時該過去分詞有被動含義.

[例題]

6.The manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on.

(經(jīng)理許諾隨時通知我生意進展的情況.)

7.They'll have you arrested if you don't pay your taxes.

(如果你不納稅，他們會抓你的.)

8.These students are quick at learning. We'll have them trained in new methods.

(這些學(xué)生學(xué)的很快，我們將用這些新方法訓(xùn)練他們.)

[解析]過去分詞可以用作補足語,這時,過去分詞與句子或賓語是邏輯動賓的關(guān)系。

過去分詞(2)

[例題]

1.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely lost to the outside world.

(安娜正在讀一本科幻小說,她完全沉浸在此書中了.)

2.Given enough time, water will dissolve almost everything.

(如果有足夠的時間話，水幾乎會溶解所有的東西.)

3.Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six pointed shape.

(在顯微鏡下,雪花呈精美的六角型.)

[解析]過去分詞可以做狀語,用來表示原因,條件,伴隨,結(jié)果等,和句子主語是邏輯動賓關(guān)系.

[例題]

4.Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone added to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.

(隨著每部新電話加入網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),電話系統(tǒng)的作用越來越大.同樣,生產(chǎn)出的計算機程序也使計算機系統(tǒng)的作用越來越大了.)

5.Ford tried dividing the labor, each worker assigned a separate task.

(福特公司試著把勞動分工,分配給每個工人一項單一的工作.)

6.A new technique having been worked out, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

(由于研制出一項新的技術(shù),所以總產(chǎn)量增加了20%.)

[解析]過去分詞用在獨立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中可以做狀語，有時前面可加with或without.