動(dòng)名詞(1)

[例題]

1.Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.

(作為一個(gè)教師,當(dāng)他所塑造的泥人開(kāi)始呼吸時(shí),人們就把他看成是創(chuàng)造者.)

2.Compiling a dictionary takes much time, patience and a lot of care.

(編寫(xiě)一本字典需要大量的時(shí)間,耐心以及努力.)

[解析]動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),表示某個(gè)一般的動(dòng)作,或表示說(shuō)話者的親身經(jīng)歷.

[例題]

3.Mark often attempts so to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

(每當(dāng)馬克思違反交通規(guī)則時(shí),他常常設(shè)法逃避受罰.)

4.She didn't remember having met him before.

(她忘記從前見(jiàn)過(guò)他.)

5.The teacher doesn't permit smoking in class.

(老師不允許上課時(shí)吸煙.)

6.The guests said that they wouldn't mind having a little light music.

(客人說(shuō)他們不介意放點(diǎn)輕音樂(lè).)

7.I would appreciate your keeping it a secret.

(能如此保守秘密我將很感激.)

8.I can't understand why he avoided speaking to us.

(我不明白他為什么總不跟我們說(shuō)話.)

[解析]只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:acknowledge, admit, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, mind, miss, postpone, practice, quit, resist, suggest等. can not help doing是固定詞組,意為"不得不","不由得".

動(dòng)名詞(2)

[例題]

1.He has always insisted on his being called Dr Turner instead of Mr.Turner.

(他一直堅(jiān)持讓別人叫他特納醫(yī)生而不是特納先生.)

2.Little Franz was very late that morning on his way to school and was afraid of being punished by the teacher.

（小弗郎茨那天上學(xué)在路上耽擱了，他怕挨老師的批評(píng)。）

3.I am sure your suggestion will contribute to having solving the problem.

(我確信你的建議會(huì)有助于解決問(wèn)題.)

4.The man in the corner confessed to having told a lie to the manager of the company.

(角落里的那個(gè)男士承認(rèn)向老板說(shuō)了謊.)

[解析]在動(dòng)名詞做介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)特別注意在一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后的to究竟是介詞還是不定式的符號(hào).下面是常見(jiàn)的帶介詞"to"的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),其要求跟動(dòng)名詞:yield to, confess to, be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, admit to, devote...to..., object to, contribute等.

[例題]

5.This sentence needs improving.

(這句子需要修改.)

6.Oh, excellent. It's worth reading a second time.

(噢,太棒了!它值得再讀一遍.)

7.These young trees require looking after carefully.

(這些小樹(shù)需要精心護(hù)理.)

[解析]在need, worth, require等從此后往往用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義.

動(dòng)名詞(3)

[例題]

1.Jean didn't have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy preparing for her examination.

(昨晚珍沒(méi)有時(shí)間去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì),因?yàn)樗�正忙著�?zhǔn)備考試.)

2.Sometimes very young children have trouble separating fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.

(有時(shí)小孩很難區(qū)分什么是事實(shí),什么是虛構(gòu)，他們相信這樣的虛構(gòu)的確是存在的.)

3.The money is lost, there is no use crying over spilt milk.

(錢(qián)已經(jīng)丟了,后悔是沒(méi)用的.)

4.Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.

(艾麗斯很難管住這些孩子，因?yàn)楹⒆犹�多了�?

[解析]動(dòng)名詞在固定搭配中，如：be busy doing sth., have trouble doing sth., cannot help doing sth., have difficulty doing sth., It's no use(good)doing sth., There is no doing sth., There is not any doing sth., There is no use doing sth.等.

[例題]

5.I remember him once offering to help us if we ever got into trouble.

(我記得有一次他主動(dòng)說(shuō)，如果我們陷入困境,他會(huì)幫助我們的.)

6.He forgot about my asking him to join us for dinner.

(他把我請(qǐng)他參加我們晚宴的事忘記了。)

[解析]"物主代詞+動(dòng)名詞"或"名詞所有格+動(dòng)名詞"或"名詞或人稱代詞賓格+動(dòng)名詞"構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)可用作賓語(yǔ).一般來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)于有生命的名詞來(lái)說(shuō),既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用名詞所有格,但以直接使用名詞為宜;對(duì)于無(wú)生命的名詞來(lái)說(shuō),一般要避免使用所有格,對(duì)于指代人的代詞來(lái)說(shuō),使用其物主代詞為宜.